'자료실'에 해당되는 글 5건
- 2011/11/16 참고2
- 2011/04/25 참고
- 2009/10/16 Delta II 로켓 폭발 (1997/01/17) - 화려한 폭죽!
- 2009/06/16 Total Commander 7.04a & Addons
- 2009/06/08 Nokia Monitor Test 1.0.0.1
1. Frequency of 7-card poker hands
In some popular variations of poker, a player uses the best five-card poker hand out of seven cards. The frequencies are calculated in a manner similar to that shown for 5-card hands, except additional complications arise due to the extra two cards in the 7-card poker hand. The total number of distinct 7-card hands is
. It is notable that the probability of a no-pair hand is less than the probability of a one-pair or two-pair hand.
The royal flush is not included in the cumulative probability calculation because it is a type of straight flush. The Ace-high straight flush or royal flush is slightly more frequent (4324) than the lower straight flushes (4140 each) because the remaining two cards can have any value; a King-high straight flush, for example, cannot have the Ace of its suit in the hand (as that would make it ace-high instead).
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Hand Frequency Probability Cumulative Odds Royal flush 4,324 0.0032% 0.0032% 30,939 : 1 Straight flush 37,260 0.0279% 0.0311% 3,216 : 1 Four of a kind 224,848 0.168% 0.199% 594 : 1 Full house 3,473,184 2.60% 2.80% 37.5 : 1 Flush 4,047,644 3.03% 5.82% 32.1 : 1 Straight 6,180,020 4.62% 10.4% 20.6 : 1 Three of a kind 6,461,620 4.83% 15.3% 19.7 : 1 Two pair 31,433,400 23.5% 38.8% 3.26 : 1 One pair 58,627,800 43.8% 82.6% 1.28 : 1 No pair 23,294,460 17.4% 100% 4.74 : 1 Total 133,784,560 100% 100% 0 : 1
(The frequencies given are exact; the probabilities and odds are approximate.)
Since suits have no relative value in poker, two hands can be considered identical if one hand can be transformed into the other by swapping suits. Eliminating identical hands that ignore relative suit values leaves 6,009,159 distinct 7-card hands.
The number of distinct 5-card poker hands that are possible from 7 cards is 4,824. Perhaps surprisingly, this is fewer than the number of 5-card poker hands from 5 cards because some 5-card hands are impossible with 7 cards (e.g. 7-high).
2. Frequency of 7-card lowball poker hands
In some variants of poker a player uses the best five-card low hand selected from seven cards. In most variants of lowball, the ace is counted as the lowest card and straights and flushes don't count against a low hand, so the lowest hand is the five-high hand A-2-3-4-5, also called a wheel. The probability is calculated based on
, the total number of 7-card combinations.
The table does not extend to include five-card hands with at least one pair. Its "Total" represents 95.4% of the time that a player can select a 5-card low hand without any pair.
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Hand Frequency Probability Cumulative Odds 5-high 781,824 0.584% 0.584% 170.12 : 1 6-high 3,151,360 2.36% 2.94% 41.45 : 1 7-high 7,426,560 5.55% 8.49% 17.01 : 1 8-high 13,171,200 9.85% 18.3% 9.16 : 1 9-high 19,174,400 14.3% 32.7% 5.98 : 1 10-high 23,675,904 17.7% 50.4% 4.65 : 1 Jack-high 24,837,120 18.6% 68.9% 4.39 : 1 Queen-high 21,457,920 16.0% 85.0% 5.23 : 1 King-high 13,939,200 10.4% 95.4% 8.60 : 1 Total 127,615,488 95.4% 95.4% 0.05 : 1
(The frequencies given are exact; the probabilities and odds are approximate.)
If aces are not low, simply rotate the hand descriptions so that 6-high replaces 5-high for the best hand and ace-high replaces king-high as the worst hand.
| Hand | Frequency | Probability | Cumulative | Odds |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal flush | 4,324 | 0.0032% | 0.0032% | 30,939 : 1 |
| Straight flush | 37,260 | 0.0279% | 0.0311% | 3,216 : 1 |
| Four of a kind | 224,848 | 0.168% | 0.199% | 594 : 1 |
| Full house | 3,473,184 | 2.60% | 2.80% | 37.5 : 1 |
| Flush | 4,047,644 | 3.03% | 5.82% | 32.1 : 1 |
| Straight | 6,180,020 | 4.62% | 10.4% | 20.6 : 1 |
| Three of a kind | 6,461,620 | 4.83% | 15.3% | 19.7 : 1 |
| Two pair | 31,433,400 | 23.5% | 38.8% | 3.26 : 1 |
| One pair | 58,627,800 | 43.8% | 82.6% | 1.28 : 1 |
| No pair | 23,294,460 | 17.4% | 100% | 4.74 : 1 |
| Total | 133,784,560 | 100% | 100% | 0 : 1 |
| Hand | Frequency | Probability | Cumulative | Odds |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-high | 781,824 | 0.584% | 0.584% | 170.12 : 1 |
| 6-high | 3,151,360 | 2.36% | 2.94% | 41.45 : 1 |
| 7-high | 7,426,560 | 5.55% | 8.49% | 17.01 : 1 |
| 8-high | 13,171,200 | 9.85% | 18.3% | 9.16 : 1 |
| 9-high | 19,174,400 | 14.3% | 32.7% | 5.98 : 1 |
| 10-high | 23,675,904 | 17.7% | 50.4% | 4.65 : 1 |
| Jack-high | 24,837,120 | 18.6% | 68.9% | 4.39 : 1 |
| Queen-high | 21,457,920 | 16.0% | 85.0% | 5.23 : 1 |
| King-high | 13,939,200 | 10.4% | 95.4% | 8.60 : 1 |
| Total | 127,615,488 | 95.4% | 95.4% | 0.05 : 1 |
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| High Side Improvement Odds | ||||
| Drawing Two Cards to Selected 5th Street Hands | ||||
| 5th Hand | Example | Improve To | % | Approx. Odds Against |
| Pair | Q Q 3 5 10 | 2 Pair | 32.50% | 2 to 1 |
| Trips | 6.70% | 14 to 1 | ||
| Full House | 2.50% | 39 to 1 | ||
| Quads | 0.10% | 1000 to 1 | ||
| 2 Pair or Better | 41.70% | 1.5 to 1 | ||
| Two Pair | Q Q 3 3 10 | Full House | 15% | 5.5 to 1 |
| Quads | 0.20% | 500 to 1 | ||
| Full House or Better | 15.30% | 5.5 to 1 | ||
| Trips | Q Q Q 3 5 | Full House | 24.40% | 3 to 1 |
| Quads | 4.30% | 22 to 1 | ||
| Full House or Better | 28.80% | 2.5 to 1 | ||
| 4 Card Open End Straight | 3 8 9 10 J | Straight | 31.80% | 2 to 1 |
| 4 Card Straight with Ace | 5 J Q K A A 2 3 4 8 |
Straight | 15.90% | 5.5 to 1 |
| 4 Card Inside Straight | 2 8 9 J Q | Straight | 15.90% | 5.5 to 1 |
| 3 Card Open End Straight | 2 4 9 10 J | Straight | 4.40% | 22 to 1 |
| 4 Card Flush | 2d 5s 7s 10s Js | Flush | 38.30% | 1.5 to 1 |
| 3 Card Flush | 4c 7d 9h Kh Ah | Flush | 4.20% | 23 to 1 |
| 4 Card Open End Straight Flush | 3h 8s 9s 10s Js | Flush | 28.50% | 2.5 to 1 |
| Straight | 23.30% | 3.5 to 1 | ||
| Straight Flush | 8.30% | 11 to 1 | ||
| Straight or Better | 60.10% | .7 to 1 | ||
| 3 Card Open End Straight Flush | 2s 5c 9d 10d Jd | Flush | 3.90% | 29 to 1 |
| Straight | 4.20% | 23 to 1 | ||
| Straight Flush | 0.28% | 356 to 1 | ||
| Straight or Better | 8.30% | 11 to 1 | ||
| Low Side Improvement Odds | ||||
| Drawing Two Cards to Selected 5th Street Hands | ||||
| 5th Hand | Example | Improve To | % | Approx. Odds Against |
| 4 Card 8 Low | 3 5 7 8 J | 8 Low | 46% | 1.2 to 1 |
| Lower Than 8 Low | 9% | 10 to 1 | ||
| Any Low | 55% | .8 to 1 | ||
| 4 Card 7 Low | A 2 6 7 9 | 7 Low | 50% | 1 to 1 |
| Lower Than 7 Low | 5% | 19 to 1 | ||
| Any Low | 55% | .8 to 1 | ||
| 4 Card 6 Low | A 3 4 6 Q | 6 Low | 53% | 1 to 1 |
| Lower Than 6 Low | 1.50% | 65 to 1 | ||
| Any Low | 55% | .8 to 1 | ||
| 4 Card 5 Low | A 2 4 5 10 | 5 Low | 16% | 5 to 1 |
| Any Low | 55% | .8 to 1 | ||
| Any 3 Cards to a Low | 2 4 7 9 K | Any Low Hand | 15% | 6 to 1 |
| # | % of 56 | |
| 5 low | 1 | 1.80% |
| 6 low | 5 | 8.90% |
| 7 low | 15 | 26.80% |
| 8 low | 35 | 62.50% |
| Total | 56 | 100% |
| Hand | Frequency | Probability | Cumulative | Odds |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal flush | 4,324 | 0.0032% | 0.0032% | 30,939 : 1 |
| Straight flush | 37,260 | 0.0279% | 0.0311% | 3,216 : 1 |
| Four of a kind | 224,848 | 0.168% | 0.199% | 594 : 1 |
| Full house | 3,473,184 | 2.60% | 2.80% | 37.5 : 1 |
| Flush | 4,047,644 | 3.03% | 5.82% | 32.1 : 1 |
| Straight | 6,180,020 | 4.62% | 10.4% | 20.6 : 1 |
| Three of a kind | 6,461,620 | 4.83% | 15.3% | 19.7 : 1 |
| Two pair | 31,433,400 | 23.5% | 38.8% | 3.26 : 1 |
| One pair | 58,627,800 | 43.8% | 82.6% | 1.28 : 1 |
| No pair | 23,294,460 | 17.4% | 100% | 4.74 : 1 |
| Total | 133,784,560 | 100% | 100% | 0 : 1 |
| Hand | Frequency | Probability | Cumulative | Odds |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-high | 781,824 | 0.584% | 0.584% | 170.12 : 1 |
| 6-high | 3,151,360 | 2.36% | 2.94% | 41.45 : 1 |
| 7-high | 7,426,560 | 5.55% | 8.49% | 17.01 : 1 |
| 8-high | 13,171,200 | 9.85% | 18.3% | 9.16 : 1 |
| 9-high | 19,174,400 | 14.3% | 32.7% | 5.98 : 1 |
| 10-high | 23,675,904 | 17.7% | 50.4% | 4.65 : 1 |
| Jack-high | 24,837,120 | 18.6% | 68.9% | 4.39 : 1 |
| Queen-high | 21,457,920 | 16.0% | 85.0% | 5.23 : 1 |
| King-high | 13,939,200 | 10.4% | 95.4% | 8.60 : 1 |
| Total | 127,615,488 | 95.4% | 95.4% | 0.05 : 1 |
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미국의 DeltaII는 지금까지 140회가 넘는 발사를 하였는데 실패 사례가 딱 2회 있었다.
이 중 다음은 두번째 폭발 동영상이다. 자세한 내막은 아래와 같다.
처음은 1995년 8월 5일, 우리나라 최초 상업 위성인 무궁화 1호를 발사하던 Delta II는 추진체 9개중 한개가 분리가 안되어서 정상 궤도에 위성을 진입시키지 못하여 위성 자체의 연료를 소모시시켜 정상 궤도로 진입을 하였다. 그 결과 10년 예상이던 위성 수명이 5년 이내로 줄어들었다.
두번째 실패는 1997년 1월 17일에 있던 GPS위성을 발사하던 도중, 발사 직후 13초 후에 공중에서 폭발하여 발사장 부근에 수많은 불타는 파편을 뿌리는 사고가 있었다. 다행이도 인명사고는 없었으며 발사장도 피해가 크지 않았다고 한다.
위 동영상은 이 두번째 사고의 동영상이며 굉장히 화려함을 알 수 있다. 물론 사고이지만 인명사고는 없었다고 하니 그냥 화면을 즐겨도 될 듯하다.
출처: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_II
Delta II (7925)
However, the Delta II system does not have a perfect success record. One mission, the launch of Koreasat-1, was a partial failure in which the satellite payload was able to compensate when the launch system placed the vehicle in an incorrect orbit.[12]
Another failure, this time complete, occurred on January 17, 1997, when a Delta II 7925 carrying the first GPS Block IIR satellite, GPS IIR-1, exploded only 13 seconds after liftoff, raining flaming debris all over Launch Complex 17 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. No one was injured, and the launchpad itself was not seriously damaged, though several cars were destroyed and a few buildings were damaged.[13] It was later determined that a "17-foot crack" in the rocket booster had caused the failure.[14]
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tcmd704a.exe
Nokia_Test.zip
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